Wednesday, December 14, 2022

Ethical dilemma of paying more than the going rate

Most people want corporations and businesses to pay more to their employees especially the blue collar workers.  We think such businesses are being socially responsible. However what about consumers voluntarily paying more for goods and services? An example in the US context is tipping but here I am talking about paying a higher price by not haggling with a shop keeper or a service provider. How much harm does one who can afford to pay more end up causing unintentionally when they pay more than they need to? Here I want to distinguish people paying more because they dont like to engage in bargaining because it is not their nature from those that pay because they feel they dont want to bargain with a poorer individual. My focus is on the latter. 

Every time I visit India and go shopping, where prices are rarely non-negotiable in any setting other than large retail grocery chains and online portals, I agonize over whether I should haggle. I avoid large chains and try to buy from smaller establishments for a variety of reasons. One is they are right on the sidewalk and dont have to walk into a large store or wait for long. It is much easier to do that in India than in the US for a variety of reasons. Smaller establishments seem much more in number and you dont have to take more effort to search and locate them. The most recent was for a slipper that was Rs 400 (about $5). If I were to haggle like a local, I could have got it for a 15 to 20% discount. I agonized over whether by not haggling I  am creating expectations where the shop keeper refuses to sell at a discount which then raises costs for the locals or whether I am doing the right thing like we do here in the US where we tip and make up for what we feel are paltry wages from employers although the latter is not a perfect analogy for haggling with self-employed person is different from tipping a wage worker. I dont think there are many who would pay more to the proprietor of a business voluntarily.

Another situation that I get conflicted over is when taking an autorickshaw in places where they dont use a fixed fare per km. But here I there are two alternatives - one is a Uber-like solution or take public transport when possible which comes with non-monetary cost but also some unique benefits. The issue with Uber is that what has happened is a lot of autorickshaws now refuse to serve outside the platform or ask for a huge premium which is making it hard for senior citizens who might not be comfortable with smartphones like my dad. I was befuddled by this because platforms take a huge chunk as commission from the fare we pay but the reason the drivers are rational is either that they get incentives for doing more rides even if it is lower earning per ride and so they feel they dont need each and every ride outside the platform.  The one other thing ridehailing does is it is increasing taxi use because once you have decided to use the smartphone, a taxi is just a click away and of course taxis which is more pollution intensive and crosses greater congestion by virtue of being a bigger vehicle and is operated by younger and slightly better off individuals compared to those that operate autorickshaws. My solution here is to take public transport as much as possible. 

So is one being miserly when haggling with a much poorer individual or are they being socially responsible? Is one causing more harm than good even when quietly (and not loudly like most do by announcing the good they did) trying to help a few by paying more voluntarily?  Just because I can pay and feel good about myself am I not raising costs for others? To be clear this is inevitable in a world of scarcity where every decision has a bearing on others or something else. It is just that we dont and cannot perceive the effect of our actions unless you are large buyer or seller.  But the point is not one of empirical reality but a normative one just like God is not an empirical reality but the notion holds enormous sway over people. Are you playing God when you try to do good, specifically when engaging in a commercial transaction?

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